Platinum: Element 78
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Physical Properties
The jagged surface of platinum
· Colour: Light grey-white.
· Looks likes silver, iron and sperrylite.
· Malleable and ductile.
· Lustre: Metallic.
· Fracture: Sharp, jagged surfaces.
· Cleavage: None.
· Magnetic alloy with cobalt.
· Insoluble in water.
· Soluble in aqua regia.
· Hardness: 4-4.5 mohs. (10 = diamond).
· Density as solid: 21.37g/cm3. As crystal:
21.5g/cm3.
· Crystalline form: Silver metal, cubic.
· Melting point: 1772°C
· Boiling point: 3827°C
Chemical Properties
· Electron shells: 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1.
· Electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2
3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 4f14 5d9.
· Shortened electron configuration: [Xe] 6s1 4f14
5d9.
· Electronegativity: 2.28.
· Atomic weight: 195.09
· Specific heat capacity: 0.13J/g*K
· Heat of fusion: 4.7kJ/mol.
· Heat of vaporization: 122kJ/mol.
· Heat of atomization 564kJ/mol.
· 1st ionization energy: 870kJ/mol.
· 2nd ionization energy: 1791kJ/mol
· Electron affinity: 205.3kJ/mol.
· Minimum oxidation number: 0.
· Minimum common oxidation number: 0.
· Reaction with oxygen: None.
· Oxide(s): Pt2O2.
· Reacts with Cl above 400°C.
· Hydrides: none.
· Reaction with 3 M HNO3: None.
· Reaction with 6 mols HCl: None.
· Reaction with 6 mols NaOH: None.
· Thermal conductivity: 71.6 W/m*K
· Electrical conductivity: 9.4 x 106 S/m